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使用ChaCha20对称密钥(Poly1305模式)加解密(ArkTS)

从API22开始,算法库支持该算法。

对应的算法规格请查看对称密钥加解密算法规格:ChaCha20

开发步骤

创建对象

调用cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGeneratorSymKeyGenerator.generateSymKey,生成密钥算法为ChaCha20的对称密钥(SymKey)。

如何生成ChaCha20对称密钥,开发者可参考下文示例,并结合对称密钥生成和转换规格:ChaCha20随机生成对称密钥理解。参考文档与示例可能存在入参差异,请注意区分。

加密

  1. 调用cryptoFramework.createCipher,指定字符串参数'ChaCha20|Poly1305',创建对称密钥类型为ChaCha20、模式为Poly1305的Cipher实例,用于完成加密操作。

  2. 调用Cipher.init,设置模式为加密(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE),指定加密密钥(SymKey)和Poly1305模式对应的加密参数(Poly1305ParamsSpec),初始化加密Cipher实例。

  3. 调用Cipher.update,更新数据(明文)。

  4. 调用Cipher.doFinal,获取加密后的数据。

    由于已使用update传入数据,此处data传入null。

    doFinal输出结果可能为null,在访问具体数据前,需要先判断结果是否为null,避免产生异常。

  5. 读取Poly1305ParamsSpec.authTag作为解密的认证信息。

    在Poly1305模式下,需要从加密后的数据中取出末尾16字节,作为解密时初始化的认证信息。

解密

  1. 调用cryptoFramework.createCipher,指定字符串参数'ChaCha20|Poly1305',创建对称密钥类型为ChaCha20、模式为Poly1305的Cipher实例,用于完成解密操作。
  2. 调用Cipher.init,设置模式为解密(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE),指定解密密钥(SymKey)和Poly1305模式对应的解密参数(Poly1305ParamsSpec),初始化解密Cipher实例。
  3. 调用Cipher.update,更新数据(密文)。
  4. 调用Cipher.doFinal,获取解密后的数据。
  • 异步方法示例:

    import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit';
    import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS';

    function generateRandom(len: number) {
    let rand = cryptoFramework.createRandom();
    let generateRandSync = rand.generateRandomSync(len);
    return generateRandSync;
    }

    function genPoly1305ParamsSpec() {
    let ivBlob = generateRandom(12); // 12 bytes
    let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; // 8 bytes
    let dataAad = new Uint8Array(arr);
    let aadBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataAad };
    arr = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]; // 16 bytes
    let dataTag = new Uint8Array(arr);
    let tagBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = {
    data: dataTag
    };
    // Poly1305的authTag在加密时从doFinal结果中获取,在解密时填入init函数的params参数中。
    let poly1305ParamsSpec: cryptoFramework.Poly1305ParamsSpec = {
    iv: ivBlob,
    aad: aadBlob,
    authTag: tagBlob,
    algName: 'Poly1305ParamsSpec'
    };
    return poly1305ParamsSpec;
    }

    let poly1305Params = genPoly1305ParamsSpec();

    // 加密消息。
    async function encryptMessagePromise(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
    let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
    await cipher.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
    let encryptUpdate = await cipher.update(plainText);
    // poly1305模式加密doFinal时传入空,获得tag数据,并更新至poly1305Params对象中。
    poly1305Params.authTag = await cipher.doFinal(null);
    return encryptUpdate;
    }
    // 解密消息。
    async function decryptMessagePromise(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
    let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
    await decoder.init(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
    let decryptData = await decoder.update(cipherText);
    // poly1305模式解密doFinal时传入空,验证init时传入的tag数据,如果验证失败会抛出异常。
    let decryptData = await decoder.doFinal(null);
    if (decryptData === null) {
    console.info('poly1305 decrypt result: success, decryptData is null.');
    }
    return decryptData;
    }
    async function genSymKeyByData(symKeyData: Uint8Array) {
    let symKeyBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: symKeyData };
    let chacha20Generator = cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator('ChaCha20');
    let symKey = await chacha20Generator.convertKey(symKeyBlob);
    console.info('convertKey result: success.');
    return symKey;
    }
    async function main() {
    try {
    let keyData = new Uint8Array([83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159,
    83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159]);
    let symKey = await genSymKeyByData(keyData);
    let message = 'This is a test';
    let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) };
    let encryptText = await encryptMessagePromise(symKey, plainText);
    let decryptText = await decryptMessagePromise(symKey, encryptText);
    if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) {
    console.info('decrypt ok.');
    console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8'));
    } else {
    console.error('decrypt failed.');
    }
    } catch (error) {
    console.error(`decrypt failed: errCode: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`);
    }
    }
  • 同步方法示例:

    import { cryptoFramework } from '@kit.CryptoArchitectureKit';
    import { buffer } from '@kit.ArkTS';

    function generateRandom(len: number) {
    let rand = cryptoFramework.createRandom();
    let generateRandSync = rand.generateRandomSync(len);
    return generateRandSync;
    }

    function genPoly1305ParamsSpec() {
    let ivBlob = generateRandom(12); // 12 bytes
    let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; // 8 bytes
    let dataAad = new Uint8Array(arr);
    let aadBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: dataAad };
    arr = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]; // 16 bytes
    let dataTag = new Uint8Array(arr);
    let tagBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = {
    data: dataTag
    };
    // Poly1305的authTag在加密时从doFinal结果中获取,在解密时填入init函数的params参数中。
    let poly1305ParamsSpec: cryptoFramework.Poly1305ParamsSpec = {
    iv: ivBlob,
    aad: aadBlob,
    authTag: tagBlob,
    algName: 'Poly1305ParamsSpec'
    };
    return poly1305ParamsSpec;
    }

    let poly1305Params = genPoly1305ParamsSpec();

    // 加密消息。
    function encryptMessage(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
    let cipher = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
    cipher.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.ENCRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
    let encryptUpdate = cipher.updateSync(plainText);
    // poly1305模式加密doFinal时传入空,获得tag数据,并更新至poly1305Params对象中。
    poly1305Params.authTag = cipher.doFinalSync(null);
    return encryptUpdate;
    }
    // 解密消息。
    function decryptMessage(symKey: cryptoFramework.SymKey, cipherText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob) {
    let decoder = cryptoFramework.createCipher('ChaCha20|Poly1305');
    decoder.initSync(cryptoFramework.CryptoMode.DECRYPT_MODE, symKey, poly1305Params);
    let decryptData = decoder.updateSync(cipherText);
    // poly1305模式解密doFinal时传入空,验证init时传入的tag数据,如果验证失败会抛出异常。
    let decryptData = decoder.doFinalSync(null);
    if (decryptData === null) {
    console.info('poly1305 decrypt result: success, decryptData is null.');
    }
    return decryptData;
    }
    function genSymKeyByData(symKeyData: Uint8Array) {
    let symKeyBlob: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: symKeyData };
    let chacha20Generator = cryptoFramework.createSymKeyGenerator('ChaCha20');
    let symKey = chacha20Generator.convertKeySync(symKeyBlob);
    console.info('convertKeySync result: success.');
    return symKey;
    }
    function main() {
    try {
    let keyData = new Uint8Array([83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159,
    83, 217, 231, 76, 28, 113, 23, 219, 250, 71, 209, 210, 205, 97, 32, 159]);
    let symKey = genSymKeyByData(keyData);
    let message = 'This is a test';
    let plainText: cryptoFramework.DataBlob = { data: new Uint8Array(buffer.from(message, 'utf-8').buffer) };
    let encryptText = encryptMessage(symKey, plainText);
    let decryptText = decryptMessage(symKey, encryptText);
    if (plainText.data.toString() === decryptText.data.toString()) {
    console.info('decrypt ok.');
    console.info('decrypt plainText: ' + buffer.from(decryptText.data).toString('utf-8'));
    } else {
    console.error('decrypt failed.');
    }
    } catch (error) {
    console.error(`decrypt failed: errCode: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`);
    }
    }